I

identified candidate

A specific individual pre-selected by a manager for a requisition.

IFrame

A type of embedded app that allows users to embed read-only content from a third-party source directly into the platform using a single URL.

image scan

A digital file of a paper invoice that is uploaded and attached to the electronic invoice record.

impersonate

The ability to act as a user in Coupa to perform tasks, approvals, and other actions.

in full delivery day

The difference between the order date and the Need-by-Date for completed deliveries.

in-channel booking

A travel reservation made through the designated online booking tool rather than directly with a vendor.

in-transit inventory

Inventory that is currently being transported between two locations and is not available for immediate use.

inactive supplier

A status for a supplier that prevents users from placing orders, creating POs, or invoicing against them, typically used when a company no longer wants to work with that supplier.

inbound channel

The method by which an invoice enters the system, such as through a portal, email, or API integration.

inbound consolidation

The process where shipments are picked up from one or more locations and delivered to a single destination.

incremental decrease

The fixed amount or percentage by which the price drops at each interval in a Japanese reverse auction.

incremental increase

The fixed amount or percentage by which the price rises at each interval in a Dutch reverse auction.

incremental value

The difference in maximum or minimum spend between an amendment and the original contract used for approval logic.

incumbent

The current supplier providing a specific item or service used for comparing new bids.

independent display language

A localization framework that allows an application to show text in a different language than the device’s operating system.

indicative amount

An estimated value for a foreign exchange payment displayed before the final rate is booked.

indirect spend

The spend that cannot be directly attributed to specific goods or services provided, typically representing day-to-day business operations.

infeasibility report

A high-level summary generated during diagnosis that details model health and lists constraints that were violated or relaxed to achieve a solution.

information management program

A program designed to facilitate the automated collection and maintenance of data.

IM

information request

A form sent to a supplier to collect or update specific data points, also known as a supplier information form.

inherent risk

An assessed level of raw or untreated risk present without any actions taken to reduce the likelihood of a mishap.

initial price

The starting amount set for an item in an auction before any price changes occur.

initial terms

A snapshot of the original contract data stored when the first amendment is created to allow for comparison.

initiative

A specific project or action item created to support strategic objectives or address risks, which can include tasks, savings data, and timelines.

inline supplier request

A system form used to streamline the process of requesting new suppliers directly within the workflow.

insight

A valuable and actionable observation or conclusion derived from data analysis using AI techniques. Platform insights provide advanced benchmarking, analysis, and prescriptions by leveraging community data to measure performance against best-in-class peers.

instance

A single, independent installation of a software environment, typically categorized as production or sandbox. Also, a single, specific example or data point within a dataset.

intake workflow

A guided process customized by admins that leads requesters through tasks like purchasing goods or submitting expenses.

integration

The framework for connecting the platform with other business systems using APIs, sFTP, or other frameworks to automate data exchange.

Integration Control Center

A dashboard that displays current APIs, callouts, CSVx, cXML errors, emails transmissions, and installed applications.

ICC

inter-warehouse transfer

An action initiated from the Item 360 view to move stock from one storage location to another.

intercompany

The financial framework that identifies transactions, balances, or relationships between two different legal entities that belong to the same parent corporation.

IC

interest

The cost of borrowing money or the reward for lending/investing it. It is typically expressed as a percentage of the principal amount for a specific period.

interest maturity

A financial tracking component that allows users to view or enter the next interest setting proposal for variable rate deals.

interleaved optimization

A type of vehicle routing problem that combines pick ups and deliveries on a single route to achieve greater efficiency in transportation asset use.

internal supplier

A designation for a warehouse or stockroom allowing it to function as a vendor for internal requisitions.

internal supplier update

A form used by buyers or managers to modify existing supplier details without requiring vendor action.

international bank account number

An internationally agreed system of identifying bank accounts across national borders to facilitate the communication and processing of cross border transactions with a reduced risk of transcription errors.

IBAN

International Commercial Terms

A set of 11 standardized rules published by the International Chamber of Commerce that define the specific responsibilities of sellers and buyers in international and domestic trade.

INCO terms

interview

A meeting requested by a manager to evaluate a candidate submitted to a requisition. Also, the interactive question-and-answer session used to gather data for document generation.

intra-EU jurisdiction

A tax classification for transactions occurring between entities located in different member states of the European Union.

inventory

The stocked goods or materials held by the company.

inventory collaboration

The visibility framework that centralizes real-time item data, on-hand balances, and supplier replenishment in a single interface.

inventory optimization

A technology used to determine optimal inventory levels and policies to meet service levels.

IO

inventory turnover

A performance metric representing the frequency with which inventory is sold or used and replaced within a specific period.

invoice

A formal, itemized business document sent by a seller to a buyer to request payment for goods or services delivered.

invoice control total

A header-level field allowing a user to manually enter the expected gross amount to ensure it matches the calculated sum of lines and taxes.

invoice date

The official date of issue recorded on the face of the invoice document by the supplier.

invoice inbox

A dedicated email address where suppliers can send invoice documents to be processed and converted into system records.

invoice matching

The validation process of comparing invoice details against purchase orders and goods receipts to ensure accuracy before payment.

invoice maturity date

The original due date of an invoice before any early payment acceleration was applied.

invoice presentation

A template that controls which fields are visible and mandatory for a supplier based on the country of the invoice.

invoice reference number

A specific alphanumeric code extracted from an invoice to support processing or compliance requirements.

IRN

invoice repayment date

A funding replenishment method where the limit is restored by the amount of the original invoice on its maturity date.

iRequest

A procurement ability that captures item details from non-punchout third-party websites and transfers the data directly into a requisition for seamless purchasing.

ISO 20022

A global standard format for electronic data interchange between financial institutions.

issuance

The official act of releasing or distributing a formal document from a sender to a recipient to legally initiate a specific business action.

issuer reconciliation ID

A unique identifier provided by a virtual card partner to help match charges to transactions.

issuing airline

The specific airline that generated the original ticket, which determines where a flight credit can be used.

item

A specific product or service available for purchase, often from a catalog.

Item 360

A centralized view providing real-time data on an inventory item, including details, warehouse locations, and supplier information.

item match level

A reconciliation framework on the Chart of Accounts that dictates how items are received and matched, superseding the configuration on the supplier record.

item number

A required identifier for a catalog item to make it receivable into inventory.

item question

A field relating information for a specific supplier to a specific item, often used to hold incumbent data.

item similarity engine

A component of a recommendation system that recommends items based on their similarity to items users have interacted with.

item substitution

The proposal of an alternative product, including manufacturer and part number details, by a supplier when the requested item is unavailable.

itemization

The process of breaking down a single receipt total into multiple distinct expense lines, such as separating room service from a hotel room rate.